S. R. Sagar , L. A. K Singh

Abstract

Crocodylus palustris was considered to be extinct in the perennial waters of Similipal Tiger Reserve by 1980. The terrestrial and aquatic habitats, encompassing an area of 2750 km², are under active conservation management since 1973 under Project Tiger. Between April 1981 and February 1990 a total of 238 captive reared juvenile muggers have been released in the reserve. Out of 99 muggers released during 1981-1987 in river Budhabalanga, 12.1% excluding wild-bred hatchlings are seen at present. In river West Deo 34.7% of 72 released (during 1985-1988) and wild-bred hatchling muggers are seen. In river Khairi, where releases have been made since April 1989, 71.6% are seen when reports last came in. During a thorough monitoring over 44 weeks, out of 25 muggers released at Ransaguda in river Khairi 16 young ones could still be seen within a stretch 900 m upstream and 1400 m downstream the point of release. During the monsoon, sightings were from 1 to 3 muggers. The future plan for mugger include . (i) last release in January 1991, (ii) regular monitoring of the populations in the wild, (iii) continuation of the captive breeding unit at Ramtirtha for research, education and supply of captive reared juveniles for restocking elsewhere.

Full Text

     

S. R. Sagar , L. A. K. Singh

Abstract

The difference in tbe measuremets of total lenglh (PML) and width (PMB) of an adult tiger blad pug mark not distorted, is less than 1.5 cm in males and more in females. In male PMB = 0940 (PML)-0.138 cm ± 0.503 cm and in females PMB=0.724 (PML)+ 1.467 cm ± 0.589 cm. When the pug-mark is not fresh or is sprawled out the relationship between PTL and TTB can be used to distinguish the sexes from tbe pug marks PTL is the measurement between centre of the pad to centre of the farthest toe. TTB is the measurement of the first and fourth toe. The centers in tbese measurements are the approximate cross points of the part's long axis and broad axis. In male tiger TTB = 0.817 (PIL) + 3.627 cm ±0.736 cm and in female TTB = 0.810 (PTL) + 0.593 Cm ± 0.700 cm. Hypothetically sexual dimorphism in tiger cubs may be evident in PIL vs ITB relationship but may not be c1ear in PML vs PMB relationship.

Full Text

     

C. S. Dani , S. R. Sagar , L. A. K. Singh

Abstract

This paper reviews efforts towards rebuilding viable population of mugger crocodiles in major rivers inside Simllipal Tiger Reserve. Improving captive management of and providing juvenile mugger crocodiles for release elsewhere. Literature on the subject has been reviewed and results of research at Ramatiratha presented along with recommendations for the future.

Full Text

     

S. R. Sagar , L. A. K. Singh

Abstract

The stride of a large cat in its normal walk is the distance from the tip of the impression or the pad of a hind limb to the corresponding position at an adjacent impression of the same pug. The stride is also approximately twice the distance between two adjacent pug marks, that of the left and right hind limbs during normal walk, and approximately thrice during a short pace gait. It is concluded from the present study that the strides of adult leopard were mostly above 90 cm while that of young tigers were 70-85 cm. These observations have formed the basis to distinguish the tracks of a leopard and a young tiger, both of which may have a pug mark length of 8-9 cm.

Full Text

     

S. R. Sagar , A. K. Mahendra

Abstract

This study was carried out to find the statistical significance of prices and its trends for sal timber in Orissa It is observed that the role of increase in prices of sal timber is highly significant. Moreover, this rate of increase in higher for the block (1978-82) in comparison to 11973-77). This high rate of increase in prices is attributed to widening gap between demand and supply of sal timber as well as age old technology of utilization. Now time has come to take necessary steps arresting the rapid increase of prices, For this various ways have been suggested in this paper. Future price projections have also been done for the period of 1985-90.

Full Text

     

S. R. Sagar , L. P. Chandola , M. Y. Ansari

Abstract

A pilot survey of fuel consumption in rural areas was conducted by the Forest Economics Branch of Forest Research Institute & Colleges in 1974 in the following regions : Region I - Villages surrounded by the Forests - Chakrata; Region II - villages near the Forests - Harrawala; Region III - Villages away from the Forests - Karaundi. The results of these surveys have been reported in two papers (1976) and (1981). The present survey conducted in 1983 was done to study the changes in three localities. The Comparison of the Survey show that: 1. There is a tendency to go towards agriculture; 2. Size of the family is increasing; 3. Dungeake consumption is decreasing. Villages in the third region as indicated by Karaundi population are going for Eucalyptus plantation.

Full Text

     

R. S. Mathur , S. R. Sagar , M. Y. Ansari

Abstract

Large scale plantation of Eucalyptus were started in 1962 in the tarai region of U.P. in mixed poor stocked forests or grassy blanks within or c1osor to the forests. The total area upto 1978-79 under Eucalyptus plantations in different forest circle of U.P. was 82,132 hectare while the total area under all other broad leaved species was 5,39,180 ha. At present Eucalyptus is raised in large scale plantation programme by the Forest Department as well as by the individuals all over the country. The present study is concerned with 116 hectare Eucalyptus plantations which were established in 13 different plots during 1971 and 1973, in the Bijnor Plantation Division. Main crop of these plantation was exloited during 1981-82, and produced 4895 & 951S m³ (Q G) logs and firewood for which royalty received this study reveals that Eucalyptus plantations are economically feasible.

Full Text

     

R. S. Mathur , S. R. Sagar , A. K. Mahendra

Abstract

The main object of the study was to find out the statistical significance of price and its trends for firewood in Haryana. It is observed that average prices of firewood are higher in Haryana in comparison to other states and the rate of increase in prices of firewood in Haryana in 1982 over 1981 is not significant. The species Kikkar got the highest prices in the years 1981 and 1982. Suggestion has been made to blend fuel conservation with tree planting for firewood with new technologies as this may only moderate the rising trend of prices.

Full Text

     

S. R. Sagar , M. Y. Ansari

Abstract

The Sixth Five Year Plan placed high prioritv to export with a target of 5.2 per cent annual growth in gross domestic product. The role of the export in improving the balance of payments and as incentive to increase the production need no emphasis. The plywood industry has definite role to play to meet the challenge of Export front. The plywood export has emerged on export map of the World in 1961-62. The quantity exported in various years, fluctuated year to year with many mixima and maxima. The possible reasons attributed to such fluctuation are: (a) increased production cost due to short sUpply of ply logs of rigid specification; price of the glue many times more than internaltional price and antiquated machinery; (b) quality of the plywood and (C) non-adherence to delivery schedules. The report of the National Commission on Agriculture 1976 (part IX Forestry) Govt of India has prescribed certain measures such as to make available glue at international prices, to update the technology for reducing the losses and sophisticated m achinery to produce quality venners and to raise the export equal to domestic consumption by 1985. The plywood industry has great export potential as is evident from the fact that the share of plywood export to the total foreign trade in major forest produce during 1974-75 was 27.80 per cent. The present study has been taken up to forecast the domestic consumption, rate of growth of export, total production of plywood and necessary requirement of wood and installed capacity for the period 1981 to 1985.

Full Text

     

S. R. Sagar

Abstract

Eucalyptus hybrid (Mysore gum) proved capable of adapting itself to a wide variety of ecological zones. The growth both in height and diameter is seen higher in Agriculture farms thun under forest conditions. The wood is found suitable for end-uses viz. pulp manuracture, fuelwood, building material, poles, packing cases etc, This species made its way to Agriculture presumably during 2nd Five Year Plan period. Today it is being grown by farmers all over India. This study highlights the market prices of different end-use wise of Eucalyptus wood in Punjab during the year 1981, 1982 and 1983 and examines various aspect of utilization. It is suggested to set up forest product price commission to fix thesh-hold prices of different enduse products in order to save the farmers from vagaries of the markets.

Full Text

     

S. R. Sagar , L. P. Chandola , M. Y. Ansari

Abstract

The pilot studies were carried out to find out the effect of family size and profession of people on consumption of non-commercial fuel e.g., firewood, dung cake and agricultural waste in domestic sector of rural areas. While in villages (in Region I) surrounded by the forests, firewood is the only fuel used in domestic sector, the position is different in Region II where dung cake is also used as fuel and in Region III firewood, dung cake and agricultural waste are found to be used as fuel. The per capita consumption of total fuel in Regions II and III remaining altogether the Same; the firewood, component of non-commercial fuel varies gradually by people belonging to different professions as well as per capita consumption among regions. Thus profession of the people plays a definite role in consumption pattern of non-commercial fuel in domestic sector of rural areas.

Full Text